Ap Us History Chapter 39 Terms

productivity Slumped after the economic boom 25 courses after WWI Inflation provide by rising anoint outlays and peachy Society/Vietnam funding w/o tax increases Vietnamization Withdrawing 540k soldiery from federation Vietnam, man training Vietnamese to fight Nixon principle A doctrine that disk operating systemd that the unite verbalizes would stay true to all of their existent defense commitments but Asian and somewhat an early(a)(prenominal) countries would non be able to swan on large bodies of American military for support in the rising. Vietnam moratorium (1969) American doves and anti contend protestor were non satisfied with vietnamization and preferred a prompt withdral.Antiwarfare protesters did a Vietnam moratorium in October 1969 where 100,000 muckle went into the capital of Massachusetts Common and 50,000 good deal went by the white-hot house with lighted candles. My Lai Deepened disgust w/ war, a vill time full of innocents was massacred by Am erican legions Cambodia Nixon legitimate troops to help SV to clear out troops in NV and VC major base Kent State University Where Natl Gaurd fired into crowd protesting Cambodian intrusion Tonkin disjunction Resolution repeal (1970) The Senate repea guide the Tonkin Gulf Resolution that was originally given to Johnson and it tranquil spending in the war and it rock-bottom the draft. 6th Amendment Lowered voting age to 18, pleased youth Daniel Ellsberg a author American military analyst busy by the RAND Corporation who precipitated a depicted object political controversy in 1971 when he released the Pentagon Papers, a top-secret Pentagon study of regimen decision-making about the Vietnam fight, to The New York Times and other spick-and-spanspapers.Pentagon Papers Leaked to NYT, Pentagon study over failures of Kennedy/Johnson atomic number 1 Kissinger Natl Security Adviser met with Nixon in capital of France to negotiate end of war, prepared highroad to Beijing, Mosco w chinaware inconsiderateing (1971) Nixon went to chinaware in Feburary 1972 and improved relations with the U. S. and China. Nixon thusly used this new relation with China in order to win affair with the Soviets. Detente Period of relaxed tension mingled with RU/CHAMB treaty/ SALT I Anti-ballistic projectile treaty which set the condition of ii clusters of defensive missiles per nation. Strategic Arms demarcation line Talks regressped the numbers of long nuclear missiles for 5 years. Earl warren forefront Justice during the 1950s and 1960s who used a promiscuous interpretation to expand rights for both African-Americans and those charge of crimes. Liberal warren woo decisions The warren Court refers to the tyrannical Court of the joined States between 1953 and 1969, when Earl Warren served as foreman Justice.Warren led a liberal legal age that used judicial business office in dramatic fashion, to the consternation of cautious opp acents. The Warren Court exp anded obligingian rights, civil liberties, judicial power, and the federal power in dramatic ways. Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) compulsory Court decision in which the Court rule that the Constitution implicitly guarantees citizens right to privacy. Gideon v. wainwright (1963) Extends to the defendant the right of counsel in all state and federal wicked trials regardless of their ability to pay.Miranda (1966) The court govern that those subjected to in-custody interrogation be advised of their extreme right to an attorney and their right to anticipate silent. Warren E. Berger (1969) Chief Justice that replaced Earl Warren in 1969. The Burger Court was supposed to elevate the liberal feelings of the Warren court, but it take a leakd the intimately controversial judicial decision in Roe v. walk which legalized abortion caution to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) Federal silver for children in families that fall below state standards of need.In 1996, congress a bolished AFDC, the largest federal property transfer course of study, and replaced it with the irregular Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block feed Supplemental Security Income (SSI) A program accomplished in 1972 and controlled by the genial Security Administration that provides federally funded cash assistance to qualifying elderly and alter poor. Philadelphia plan (1969) Program established by Richard Nixon to read construction trade unions to flirt toward hiring more black apprentices.The plan altered Lyndon Johnsons concept of affirmative action to focal point on groups rather than individuals. (1009) Reverse unlikeness The self-assertion that affirmative action programs that require discriminative treatment for minorities discriminate against those who retain no minority status. Environmental shield Agency (1970) developments, logging, etc. must infrastand environmental impact into account occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) the federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning asylum in the orkplace Rachel Carson/Silent Spring (1962) She investigated the malign effects of pesticides, such as DDT, on the environment and other animals. Clean line of reasoning and Endangered Species Acts (1970) social, 1970 notable progress master auto emissions and cleaning up pissing and waste sites Nixons southern strategy His render to woo conservative white choosers from the pop patchy by promising not to support new civil rights legislation. Sen. George McGovern (1972) George Stanley McGovern (born July 19, 1922) is a historian, author, and former U.S. Representative, U. S. Senator, and the Democratic Party prospect in the 1972 death chairial election. Vietnam pullout (1973) In 1973 the U. S. withdrew the 27,000 troops and would reclaim 560 prisoners of war and to the south Vietnam would receive limited amount of U. S. support. trade union Vietnam would have troops in South Vietnam and an election was used to determine the future brass of South Vietnam. CREEP Richard Nixons military commission for re-electing the chairman. Found to have been engaged in a dirty tricks campaign against the democrats in 1972.They raised tens of millions of dollars in campaign funds utilise unethical means. They were involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up. Watergate insert (June 1972) Led by Liddy and Hunt of the lily-white set up plumbers, the Repub. clandestine team received compliment to tip telephones at the Democratic national perpetration headquarters in the Watergate apartment coordination compound in Washington. Early one morning, a certificate guard f rock oiled the break-in to install the bugs, and he arrested James McCord, the security coordinator of CREEP, and several other Liddy and Hunt associates. purity dramatics plumbers unit The White House Plumbers, sometimes simply called the Plumbers, were a covert White House Special Inves tigations Unit established July 24, 1971 during the presidency of Richard Nixon. Its task was to stop the leaking of class information to the news media. Its members branched into culpable activities working for the Committee to Re-elect the prexy, including the Watergate break-in and the turn up Watergate scandal. Sen. Sam Ervin He was head of the Senate perpetration that conducted a long and televised serial of hearings in 1973 to 1974.John Dean III He was a former white house attorney that testified about the involvement of the top levels of the White House. He talked of the president, the Watergate cover-up and accused the president of violating rightness. His claims were after supported by Nixons taping recordings. Spiro Agnew Nixons vice-president resigned and pleaded no contest to charges of tax leakage on payments made to him when he was regulator of atomic number 101. He was replaced by Gerald R. Ford.Gerald Ford president 1974-77, Nixons Vice president, and per son not voted into the White House, establish vice president by Nixon became president after Nixon resigned Archibald coxswain A professor of Harvard law coach who in any case worked with the Department of Labor. He was the appointed Special Prosecutor over the Watergate case. Saturday shadow massacre (1973) Name given to the series of events in 1973 that included the firing of a special prosecutor investigating Watergate and the resignations of the attorney general and his next in insure for refusing to fire the prosecutor.Cambodian bombings (1973) Occurred when President Nixon expanded the Vietnam War into its neighboring state of matter and attempted to destruct suspected supply lines. Pol volume Leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, who terrorized the people of Cambodia throughout the 1970s War Powers Act (1973) Gave all president the power to go to war under certain circumstances, but demand that he could only do so for 90 days before universe required to officiall y bring the issuance before Congress. October War (1973) It was a war between the Arabs and Israel.Its motive was for the Arabs to regain the stain lost to Israel in the Six-Day War. Kissinger went to Moscow to ricochet the Soviets while Nixon placed Americas nuclear forces on alert and gave the Israelis $2 billion dollars charge of war supplies. This helped the Israelis and brought a cease fire. Arab cover Embargo (1974) After the U. S. backed Israel in its war against Syria and Egypt, which had been trying to regain territory lost in the Six-Day War, the Arab nations imposed an oil embargo, which strictly limited oil in the U. S. and caused a crisis. ability crisis when Carter entered office ostentatiousness soared, due to toe the increases in postal code damages by OPEC. In the summer of 1979, mental unsoundness in the Middle East produced a major fuel shortage in the US, and OPEC announced a major price increase. Facing pressure to act, Carter retreated to camping gr ound David, the presidential retreat in the Maryland Mountains. Ten days later, Carter emerged with a mother tongue including a series of proposals for resolving the animation crisis. Alaska pipeline Built in 1975 on the pipeline to Valdez, it was an above-ground pipe 4 feet in diameter used to pump oil from the vast oil ields of northern Alaska to the tanker station in Valdez Bay where the oil was put aboard ships for transport to refineries in the continental U. S.. Organization of Petroleum merchandise Countries (OPEC) an economic organization consisting primarily of Arab nations that controls the price of oil and the amount of oil its members produce and sell to other nations. Articles of impeachment It was passed by the House Judiciary Committee and its key vote came in July 1974 when Nixon was accused of obstruction of justice with Watergate.Other articles talked of Nixons abuse as president and his despite for congress. Nixon resignation (August 8, 1974) When Nixon resi gned, 3 tapes were released with one of them containing orders for the Watergate hear in and he confessed to his Watergate involvement on television. These events ruined Nixons creditability and he was able to hold open his retirement benefits. Nixon apologise (1974) Within his initial month of Presidency, Gerald Ford gave full pardon to Nixon. Which aroused fierce criticism, and soon his approval ratings went from 71% to 50%.Helsinki accords (1975) Political and military personnel rights agreement signed in Helsinki, Finland, by the Soviet Union and western European countries. Vietnam defeat (1975) Vietnam collapsed with out American facilitate as the last Americans were taken out of Vietnam in 1975. It made America disembodied spirit bad in front of other foreign countries and caused America to lose dominance in its military. The War also took a toll on Americas economy and its people with $118 billion spent, 56,000 dead, and 300,000 wounded.Title IX (1972) Major civil righ ts legislation that banned discrimination in education. It appears in this chapter as an example of otiose policy implementation unclear goals open to inconsistent interpretation. Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) Proposed the 27th Amendment, affair for equal rights for both sexes. Defeated in the House in 1972. Roe v. Wade (1973) The court legalized abortion by ruling that state laws could not restrict it during the offset printing three months of pregnancy. Based on quaternary Amendment rights of a person to be reliable in their persons.Phyllis Schlafly 1970s a new right activist that protested the womens rights acts and movements as defying usance and natural gender division of grok demonstrated conservative backlash against the 60s Betty Freidan wrote The fair(prenominal) Mystique credited with starting the second flutter of womans liberation movement, question domestic fulfillment, founded direct National Organization for Women (NOW) Founded in 1966, the National Organizati on for Women (NOW) called for equal employment fortune and equal pay for women.NOW also championed the legalisation of abortion and passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution. Milliken v. Bradley (1974) This Supreme Court decision responded in some ways to the backlash against integration via busing by stating that busing was only legal where schools were deliberately using racist tactics to segregate schools. It also said that the goal of Swann was not to defecate racially balanced schools with certain numbers of each race but to stop wilful segregation. Reverse discrimination The assertion that affirmative action programs that require preferential treatment for minorities discriminate against those who have no minority status. Bakke case (1978) saw the Supreme Court barely rule that Allan Bakke had not been admitted into U. C. Davis because the university preferred minority races only and ordered the college to admit Bakke. unify States v. Wheeler (1978) -facts In dian is convicted in tribal court and later charged with homogeneous hatred from same act (a rape) in federal court. HELD SCOTUS wont apply double jeopardy bar to litigation, because under the 5th Amendment, it is not the same offense when deuce SOVEREIGNS prosecute the same person. treasure Carter (1976) James Earl esteem Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the fall in States (1977-1981) and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace prise, the only U. S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office. Before he became President, Carter served as a U. S.Naval officer, was a monkey nut farmer, served two terms as a Georgia State Senator and one as Governor of Georgia (1971-1975) Department of Energy the federal department responsible for maintaining a national energy policy of the United States Human rights the basic rights to which all people are entitled as gay beings Camp David accords (1978) Peace tre aty between Egypt and Israel hosted by US President Jimmy Carter caused Egypt to be expelled from the Arab league created a power vacuum that Saddam hoped to fill prototypic treaty of its kind between Israel and an Arab state Return of leghorn Canal Carter proposed two treaties that would give ownership and control of the Panama Canal back to Panamanians by the year 2000. The return of the Panama Canal was one of Carters accomplishments in foreign policy. Mohammed Reza Pahlevi Shah of Iran who was deposed in 1979 by Islamic fundamentalists (1919-1980) Brezhnev and SALT II negotiations (1979) Carter and Brezhev met in Vienna to sign the SALT agreements which were meant limit the number of lethal strategic weapons in both U. S. and Russia. U. S. conservatives were against the agreement and suspicious against Russia. The conservative stance was strengthened against the agreements when it was discovered that at that place was a Soviet combat aggroup in Cuba.Iranian hostage crisis (1 979-1980) On November 4, 1979 anti-American Muslim militants went to the United States embassy in capital of Iran and took everyone inside hostage. Their demand was to restore the exiled shah who went to the U. S. for checkup treatment. Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini Islamic religious leader who led a revolution to overthrow Irans government in 1979 he ruled the country for the next ten years on a strongly anti-American course of study Afghanistan invasion and Olympic boycott (1980) The 1980 pass Olympics boycott of the Moscow Olympics was a part of a package of actions initiated by the United States to protest the Soviet war in Afghanistan. 1 It preceded the 1984 Summer Olympics boycott carried out by the Soviet Union and other commie friendly countries.